General Miguel Aguilar of the Mexican Fourth Army.
The Mexican Fourth Army was a unit of the Army of the United States of Mexico.
In October 1886 the Fourth Army, under the command of General Miguel Aguilar, was stationed in Chiapas across the border from the nation of Guatemala. On 17 October Mexican Chief of State Benito Hermión ordered the Fourth Army to combat readiness. The next day, Hermión asked the Mexican Senate to declare war on Guatemala, and the Senate did so unanimously. Sobel gives no details of the following campaign, only to note that thee Fourth Army took the Guatemalan capital of Guatemala City on 15 November, 28 days later. Given that Guatemala City is only 100 miles from the Mexican border, this indicates either poor leadership by Aguilar, stubborn resistance by the Guatemalan army, or both.
Following the termination of the war Hermión deposed Guatemalan president Vicente Martinez and installed one of his political opponents, García Ramírez as Governor of Guatemala, promising that the Fourth Army would remain temporarily to "prevent a French seizure of the nation," assure domestic tranquility, and oversee free elections. No free elections were ever held, and the Fourth Army continued to occupy Guatemala for the next fifteen years, during which time it crushed several nationalist revolts and presided over a police state.
General Aguilar was still in command of the Fourth Army in 1890 when the War of Salvation between Mexico and New Granada began. New Granadan Premier Adolfo Camacho reacted to Hermión's increasingly bellicose rhetoric by sending the New Granadan army under General Roberto Bermúdez into Guatemala on 1 March 1890. Bermúdez occupied all of Guatemala south of the Kinkaid Canal, and remained there until the fall of the Camacho government in September. Aguilar either made no attempt to drive Bermúdez back, or was unable to do so. Bermúdez finally surrendered his army to Aguilar on 21 September 1890.