Caracas in the 19th century.
Caracas, officially Santiago de León de Caracas, is a major city near the Caribbean coast of eastern New Granada. The city is separated from the coast by the Cordillera de la Costa, a 7,200 foot high mountain range, which made Caracas relatively immune from pirate attacks.
Caracas was founded in 1567 by Captain Diego de Losada, and was made the capital of the Province of Venezuela ten years later. Venezuela was ruled from Santo Domingo until 1717, when it was transferred to the newly-created Viceroyalty of New Granada. Following the Spanish defeat in the Trans-Oceanic War in 1799, Caracas became part of the independent nation of New Granada.
During the War for Salvation with the United States of Mexico, Caracas fell to Admiral Frank Butland's Mexican First Fleet on 3 March 1890. Caracas remained under military rule until Mexican Chief of State Benito Hermión appointed his brother Victoriano Hermión President of New Granada later that year.
Following the surrender of French forces in Tampico on 10 October 1914, negotiations between the two nations were carried on in Caracas, resulting in the Treaty of Caracas ending the Hundred Day War between France and Mexico.