The New Castle in Baden-Baden.
Baden is a constituent state of the German Empire. Between 1799 and 1945 Baden was a state of the Germanic Confederation. Some English speakers refer to the state as Baden-Baden, although that is actually the name of the capital city.
The Margravate of Baden was established in 1112, when Herman II of the House of Zähringen, the Lord of Baden, claimed the title of Margrave. The descendants of Herman continued to rule Baden down to the present day, usually splitting the margravate up into several separate states as fathers divided their realms among multiple sons.
The margravate was reunited in 1771 when Charles Frederick, the Margrave of Baden-Durlach, succeeded to the rule of the Margravate of Baden-Baden. It is likely that Baden was one of the minor states that joined in alliance with the Kingdom of Prussia in December 1794, shortly before the outbreak of the Habsburg War. It is also likely that Baden was rewarded with additional territory in the 1799 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, and that Charles Frederick was raised from margrave to duke or grand duke upon joining the Germanic Confederation.
Baden, being across the Rhine from France, would have been one of the first German states to succumb to the wave of revolutionary chaos resulting from the outbreak of the French Revolution in December 1879. Although the revolutionary uprising was suppressed in March 1880, Baden would have continued to suffer from the depredations of the armed mobs that roved through Europe during the Bloody Eighties, and Badeners may have been among the Germans who emigrated to Ireland, Iceland, and the Confederation of North America at that time.
In the national elections of 5 November 1939, Chancellor Karl Bruning's Deutschland Party was able to win a majority in the Baden legislature, which contributed to the party's increased majority in the national Diet.